Synthesizers, or "synths," are electronic musical instruments that generate and manipulate audio signals, offering a vast sonic palette for musicians and sound designers. At their core, they utilize oscillators to produce basic waveforms, which are then shaped by filters, envelopes, and low-frequency oscillators to create diverse sounds. These instruments employ various synthesis methods, including subtractive, additive, and frequency modulation, each yielding distinct sonic characteristics. Whether analog, relying on electronic circuits, or digital, utilizing digital signal processing, synths have become indispensable tools across numerous genres, from electronic dance music and pop to hip-hop, existing both as hardware units and software plugins within digital audio workstations. Their versatility and ability to create unique sounds have solidified their vital role in contemporary music production.